GoldenGate Tutorial by Gavin

http://gavinsoorma.com/2010/02/goldengate-concepts-and-architecture/

GoldenGate Tutorial 1 – Concepts and Architecture

GoldenGate enables us to extract and replicate data across a variety of topologies as shown the diagram below as well as the exchange and manipulation of data at the transactional level between a variety of database platforms like Oracle, DB2, SQL Server, Ingres, MySQL etc.

It can support a number of different business requirements like:

Business Continuity and High Availablity

Data migrations and upgrades

Decision Support Systems and Data Warehousing

Data integration and consolidation

Let us know look at the differents components and processes that make up a typical GoldenGate configuration on Oracle.

(source: Oracle GoldenGate Administration Guide)

Manager

The Manager process must be running on both the source as well as target systems before the Extract or Replicat process can be started and performs a number of functions including monitoring and starting other GoldenGate processes, managing the trail files and also reporting.

Extract

The Extract process runs on the source system and is the data caoture mechanism of GoldenGate. It can be configured both for initial loading of the source data as well as to synchronize the changed data on the source with the target. This can be configued to also propagate any DDL changes on those databases where DDL change support is available.

Replicat

The Replicat process runs on the target system and reads transactional data changes as well as DDL changes and replicates then to the target database. Like the Extract process, the Replicat process can also be configured for Initial Load as well as Change Synchronization.

Collector

The Collector is a background process which runs on the target system and is started automatically by the Manager (Dynamic Collector) or it can be configured to stsrt manually (Static Collector). It receives extracted data changes that are sent via TCP/IP and writes then to the trail files from where they are processed by the Replicat process.

Trails

Trails are series of files that GoldenGate temporarily stores on disks and these files are written to and read from by the Extract and Replicat processes as the case may be. Depending on the configuration chosen, these trail files can exist on the source as well as on the target systems. If it exists on the local system, it will be known an Extract Trail or as an Remote Trail if it exists on the target system.

Data Pumps

Data Pumps are secondary extract mechanisms which exist in the source configuration. This is optional component and if Data Pump is not used then Extract sends data via TCP/IP to the remote trail on the target. When Data Pump is configured, the the Primary Extract process will write to the Local Trail and then this trail is read by the Data Pump and data is sent over the network to Remote Trails on the target system.

In the absence of Data Pump, the data that the Extract process extracts resides in memory alone and there is no storage of this data anywhere on the source system. In case of network of target failures, there could be cases where the primary extract process can abort or abend. Data Pump can also be useful in those cases where we are doing complex filtering and transformation of data as well as when we are consolidating data from many sources to a central target.

Data source

When processing transactional data changes, the Extract process can obtain data directly from the database transaction logs (Oracle, DB2, SQL Server, MySQL etc) or from a GoldenGate Vendor Access Module (VAM) where the database vendor (for example Teradata) will provide the required components that will be used by Extract to extract the data changes.

Groups

To differentiate between the number of different Extract and Replicat groups which can potentially co-exist on a system, we can define processing groups. For instance, if we want to replicate different sets of data in parallel, we can create two Replicat groups.

A processing group consisits of a process which could be either a Extract or Replicat process, a corresponding parameter file, checkpoint file or checkpoint table (for Replicat) and other files which could be associated with the process.

Coming Next! – Oracle GoldenGate Installation demo …..

GoldenGate Tutorial 2 – Installation (Oracle 11g on Linux)

This example will illustrate the installation of Oracle GoldenGate on an RHEL 5 platform. We had in an earlier post discussed the architecture and various components of a GoldenGate environment.

GoldenGate software is also available on OTN but for our platform we need to download the required software from the Oracle E-Delivery web site.

Select the Product Pack “Oracle Fusion Middleware” and the platform Linux X86-64.

Then select “Oracle GoldenGate on Oracle Media Pack for Linux x86-64” and since we are installing this for an Oracle 11g database, we download “Oracle GoldenGate V10.4.0.x for Oracle 11g 64bit on RedHat 5.0”

$ unzip V18159-01.zip
Archive: V18159-01.zip
inflating: ggs_redhatAS50_x64_ora11g_64bit_v10.4.0.19_002.tar

$tar -xvof ggs_redhatAS50_x64_ora11g_64bit_v10.4.0.19_002.tar

$ export PATH=$PATH:/u01/oracle/ggs

$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/u01/oracle/ggs

$ ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 10.4.0.19 Build 002
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11 on Sep 17 2009 23:51:28

Copyright (C) 1995, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 1>

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 1> CREATE SUBDIRS

Creating subdirectories under current directory /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

Parameter files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirprm: created
Report files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirrpt: created
Checkpoint files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirchk: created
Process status files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirpcs: created
SQL script files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirsql: created
Database definitions files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdef: created
Extract data files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat: created
Temporary files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirtmp: created
Veridata files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver: created
Veridata Lock files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/lock: created
Veridata Out-Of-Sync files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/oos: created
Veridata Out-Of-Sync XML files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/oosxml: created
Veridata Parameter files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/params: created
Veridata Report files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/report: created
Veridata Status files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/status: created
Veridata Trace files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirver/trace: created
Stdout files /u01/oracle/ggs/dirout: created

We then need to create a database user which will be used by the GoldenGate Manager, Extract and Replicat processes. We can create individual users for each process or configure just a common user – in our case we will create the one user GGS_OWNER and grant it the required privileges.

SQL> create tablespace ggs_data
2 datafile ‘/u02/oradata/gavin/ggs_data01.dbf’ size 200m;

SQL> create user ggs_owner identified by ggs_owner
2 default tablespace ggs_data
3 temporary tablespace temp;

User created.

SQL> grant connect,resource to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant select any dictionary, select any table to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant create table to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant flashback any table to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant execute on dbms_flashback to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant execute on utl_file to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.

We can then confirm that the GoldenGate user we have just created is able to connect to the Oracle database

$ ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 10.4.0.19 Build 002
AIX 5L, ppc, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11 on Sep 17 2009 23:54:16

Copyright (C) 1995, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI (devu007) 1> DBLOGIN USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
Successfully logged into database.

We also need to enable supplemental logging at the database level otherwise we will get this error when we try to start the Extract process –

2010-02-08 13:51:21 GGS ERROR 190 No minimum supplemental logging is enabled. This may cause extract process to handle key update incorrectly if key
column is not in first row piece.

2010-02-08 13:51:21 GGS ERROR 190 PROCESS ABENDING.

SQL> ALTER DATABASE ADD SUPPLEMENTAL LOG DATA (ALL) COLUMNS;

Database altere

GoldenGate Tutorial 3 – Configuring the Manager process

The Oracle GoldenGate Manager performs a number of functions like starting the other GoldenGate processes, trail log file management and reporting.

The Manager process needs to be configured on both the source as well as target systems and configuration is carried out via a parameter file just as in the case of the other GoldenGate processes like Extract and Replicat.

After installation of the software, we launch the GoldenGate Software Command Interface (GGSCI) and issue the following command to edit the Manager parameter file

EDIT PARAMS MGR

The only mandatory parameter that we need to specify is the PORT which defines the port on the local system where the manager process is running. The default port is 7809 and we can either specify the default port or some other port provided the port is available and not restricted in any way.

Some other recommended optional parameters are AUTOSTART which which automatically start the Extract and Replicat processes when the Manager starts.

The USERID and PASSWORD parameter and required if you enable GoldenGate DDL support and this is the Oracle user account that we created for the Manager(and Extract/Replicat) as described in the earlier tutorial.

The Manager process can also clean up trail files from disk when GoldenGate has finished processing them via the PURGEOLDEXTRACTS parameter. Used with the USECHECKPOINTS clause, it will ensure that until all processes have fnished using the data contained in the trail files, they will not be deleted.

The following is an example of a manager parameter file

[oracle@redhat346 ggs]$ ./ggsci

Oracle GoldenGate Command Interpreter for Oracle
Version 10.4.0.19 Build 002
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11 on Sep 17 2009 23:51:28

Copyright (C) 1995, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

GGSCI 2> EDIT PARAMS MGR

PORT 7809
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
PURGEOLDEXTRACTS /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/ex, USECHECKPOINTS

The manager can be stopped and started via the GSSCI commands START MANAGER and STOP MANAGER .

Information on the status of the Manager can be obtained via the INFO MANAGER command

GGSCI (devu007) 4> info manager

Manager is running (IP port devu007.7809).

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 4 – performing initial data load

This example illustrates using the GoldenGate direct load method to extract records from an Oracle 11g database on Red Hat Linux platform and load the same into an Oracle 11g target database on an AIX platform.

The table PRODUCTS in the SH schema on the source has 72 rows and on the target database the same table is present only in structure without any data. We will be loading the 72 rows in this example from the source database to the target database using GoldenGate Direct Load method.

On Source

1) Create the Initial data extract process ‘load1’

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 5> ADD EXTRACT load1, SOURCEISTABLE
EXTRACT added.

Since this is a one time data extract task, the source of the data is not the transaction log files of the RDBMS (in this case the online and archive redo log files) but the table data itself, that is why the keyword SOURCEISTABLE is used.

2) Create the parameter file for the extract group load1

EXTRACT: name of the extract group
USERID/PASSWORD: the database user which has been configured earlier for Extract ( this user is created in the source database)
RMTHOST: This will be the IP address or hostname of the target system
MGRPORT: the port where the Manager process is running
TABLE: specify the table which is being extracted and replicated. This can be specified in a number of ways using wildcard characters to include or exclude tables as well as entire schemas.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 6> EDIT PARAMS load1

EXTRACT load1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST devu007, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTASK replicat, GROUP load2
TABLE sh.products;

On Target

3) Create the initial data load task ‘load2’

Since this is a one time data load task, we are using the keyword SPECIALRUN

GGSCI (devu007) 1> ADD REPLICAT load2, SPECIALRUN
REPLICAT added.

4) Create the parameter file for the Replicat group, load2

REPLICAT: name of the Replicat group created for the initial data load
USERID/PASSWORD: database credentials for the Replicat user (this user is created in the target database)
ASSUMETARGETDEFS: this means that the source table structure exactly matches the target database table structure
MAP: with GoldenGate we can have the target database structure entirely differ from that of the source in terms of table names as well as the column definitions of the tables. This parameter provides us the mapping of the source and target tables which is same in this case

GGSCI (devu007) 2> EDIT PARAMS load2

“/u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/rep4.prm” [New file]

REPLICAT load2
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
MAP sh.customers, TARGET sh.customers;

On Source

SQL> select count(*) from products;

COUNT(*)
———-
72

On Target

SQL> select count(*) from products;

COUNT(*)
———-
0

On Source

5) Start the initial load data extract task on the source system

We now start the initial data load task load 1 on the source. Since this is a one time task, we will initially see that the extract process is runningand after the data load is complete it will be stopped. We do not have to manually start the Replicat process on the target as that is done when the Extract task is started on the source system.

On Source

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 16> START EXTRACT load1

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT LOAD1 starting

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 28> info extract load1

EXTRACT LOAD1 Last Started 2010-02-11 11:33 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag Not Available
Log Read Checkpoint Table SH.PRODUCTS
2010-02-11 11:33:16 Record 72
Task SOURCEISTABLE

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 29> info extract load1

EXTRACT LOAD1 Last Started 2010-02-11 11:33 Status STOPPED
Checkpoint Lag Not Available
Log Read Checkpoint Table SH.PRODUCTS
2010-02-11 11:33:16 Record 72
Task SOURCEISTABLE

On Target

SQL> select count(*) from products;

COUNT(*)
———-
72

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 5 – configuring online change synchronization

In our earlier tutorial, we examined how to create a GoldenGate environment for initial data capture and load.

In this tutorial, we will see how by using GoldenGate change synchronization, changes that occur on the source (Oracle 11g on Linux) are applied near real time on the target (Oracle 11g on AIX). The table on the source is the EMP table in SCOTT schema which is being replicated to the EMP table in the target database SH schema.

These are the steps that we will take:

Create a GoldenGate Checkpoint table
Create an Extract group
Create a parameter file for the online Extract group
Create a Trail
Create a Replicat group
Create a parameter file for the online Replicat group

Create the GoldenGate Checkpoint table

GoldenGate maintains its own Checkpoints which is a known position in the trail file from where the Replicat process will start processing after any kind of error or shutdown. This ensures data integrity and a record of these checkpoints is either maintained in files stored on disk or table in the database which is the preferred option.

We can also create a single Checkpoint table which can used by all Replicat groups from the single or many GoldenGate instances.

In one of the earlier tutorials we had created the GLOBALS file. We now need to edit that GLOBALS file and add an entry for CHECKPOINTTABLE which will include the checkpoint table name which will be available to all Replicat processes via the EDIT PARAMS command.

GGSCI (devu007) 2> EDIT PARAMS ./GLOBALS

GGSCHEMA GGS_OWNER
CHECKPOINTTABLE GGS_OWNER.CHKPTAB

GGSCI (devu007) 4> DBLOGIN USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI (devu007) 6> ADD CHECKPOINTTABLE GGS_OWNER.CHKPTAB

Successfully created checkpoint table GGS_OWNER.CHKPTAB.

apex:/u01/oracle/software/goldengate> sqlplus ggs_owner/ggs_owner

SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Production on Mon Feb 8 09:02:19 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.6.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> desc chkptab

Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 GROUP_NAME                                NOT NULL VARCHAR2(8)
 GROUP_KEY                                 NOT NULL NUMBER(19)
 SEQNO                                              NUMBER(10)
 RBA                                       NOT NULL NUMBER(19)
 AUDIT_TS                                           VARCHAR2(29)
 CREATE_TS                                 NOT NULL DATE
 LAST_UPDATE_TS                            NOT NULL DATE
 CURRENT_DIR                               NOT NULL VARCHAR2(255)

Create the Online Extract Group

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 1> ADD EXTRACT ext1, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW
EXTRACT added.

Create the Trail

We now create a trail – note that this path pertains to the GoldenGate software location on the target system and this is where the trail files will be created having a prefix ‘rt’ which will be used by the Replicat process also running on the target system

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 2> ADD RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/rt, EXTRACT ext1
RMTTRAIL added.

Create a parameter file for the online Extract group ext1

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 3> EDIT PARAMS ext1

EXTRACT ext1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST devu007, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/rt
TABLE scott.emp;

ON TARGET SYSTEM

Create the online Replicat group

GGSCI (devu007) 7> ADD REPLICAT rep1, EXTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/rt
REPLICAT added.

Note that the EXTTRAIL location which is on the target local system conforms to the RMTTRAIL parameter which we used when we created the parameter file for the extract process on the source system.

Create a parameter file for the online Replicat group, rep1

GGSCI (devu007) 8> EDIT PARAMS rep1

REPLICAT rep1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
MAP scott.emp, TARGET sh.emp;

ON SOURCE

Start the Extract process

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 16> START EXTRACT ext1

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT EXT1 starting

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 17> STATUS EXTRACT ext1
EXTRACT EXT1: RUNNING

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 16> INFO EXTRACT ext1

EXTRACT EXT1 Last Started 2010-02-08 14:27 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:09 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2010-02-08 14:27:48 Seqno 145, RBA 724480

ON TARGET

Start the Replicat process

GGSCI (devu007) 1> START REPLICAT rep1
Sending START request to MANAGER …
REPLICAT REP1 starting

GGSCI (devu007) 2> INFO REPLICAT rep1

REPLICAT REP1 Last Started 2010-02-08 14:55 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:01 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/rt000001
2010-02-08 14:27:57.600425 RBA 1045

Note: the trail file has a prefix of ‘rt’ (which we had defined earlier)

LET US NOW TEST …

ON SOURCE

SQL> conn scott/tiger
Connected.

SQL> UPDATE emp SET sal=9999 WHERE ename=’KING’;

1 row updated.

SQL> COMMIT;

Commit complete.

ON TARGET

SQL> SELECT SAL FROM emp WHERE ename=’KING’;

SAL
———-
9999

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 6 – configuring Data Pump process

The Data Pump (not to be confused with the Oracle Export Import Data Pump) is an optional secondary Extract group that is created on the source system. When Data Pump is not used, the Extract process writes to a remote trail that is located on the target system using TCP/IP. When Data Pump is configured, the Extract process writes to a local trail and from here Data Pump will read the trail and write the data over the network to the remote trail located on the target system.

The advantages of this can be seen as it protects against a network failure as in the absence of a storage device on the local system, the Extract process writes data into memory before the same is sent over the network. Any failures in the network could then cause the Extract process to abort (abend). Also if we are doing any complex data transformation or filtering, the same can be performed by the Data Pump. It will also be useful when we are consolidating data from several sources into one central target where data pump on each individual source system can write to one common trail file on the target.

Create the Extract process

GGSCI (devu007) 1> ADD EXTRACT ext1, TRANLOG, BEGIN NOW
EXTRACT added.

Create a local trail

Using the ADD EXTRAIL command we will now create a local trail on the source system where the Extract process will write to and which is then read by the Data Pump process. We will link this local trail to the Primary Extract group we just created, ext1

GGSCI (devu007) 3> ADD EXTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt, EXTRACT ext1
EXTTRAIL added.

Create the Data Pump group

On the source system create the Data Pump group and using the EXTTRAILSOURCE keywork specify the location of the local trail which will be read by the Data Pump process

GGSCI (devu007) 4> ADD EXTRACT dpump, EXTTRAILSOURCE /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt
EXTRACT added.

Create the parameter file for the Primary Extract group

GGSCI (devu007) 5> EDIT PARAMS ext1

“/u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/ext1.prm” [New file]

EXTRACT ext1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
EXTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt
TABLE MONITOR.WORK_PLAN;

Specify the location of the remote trail on the target system

Use the RMTTRAIL to specify the location of the remote trail and associate the same with the Data Pump group as it will be wriiten to over the network by the data pump process

GGSCI (devu007) 6> ADD RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rt, EXTRACT dpump
RMTTRAIL added.

Create the parameter file for the Data Pump group

Note- the parameter PASSTHRU signifies the mode being used for the Data Pump which means that the names of the source and target objects are identical and no column mapping or filtering is being performed here.

GGSCI (devu007) 2> EDIT PARAMS dpump

“/u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/dpump.prm” [New file]

EXTRACT dpump
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST redhat346, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rt
PASSTHRU
TABLE MONITOR.WORK_PLAN;

ON TARGET SYSTEM

Create the Replicat group

The EXTTRAIL clause indicates the location of the remote trail and should be the same as the RMTTRAIL value that was used when creating the Data Pump process on the source system.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 2> ADD REPLICAT rep1, EXTTRAIL /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rt
REPLICAT added.

Create the parameter file for the Replicat group

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 3> EDIT PARAMS rep1

REPLICAT rep1
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
MAP MONITOR.WORK_PLAN, TARGET MONITOR.WORK_PLAN;

ON SOURCE

On the source system, now start the Extract and Data Pump processes.

GGSCI (devu007) 3> START EXTRACT ext1

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT EXT1 starting

GGSCI (devu007) 4> START EXTRACT dpump

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT DPUMP starting

GGSCI (devu007) 5> info extract ext1

EXTRACT EXT1 Last Started 2010-02-18 11:23 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:40:52 (updated 00:00:09 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2010-02-18 10:42:19 Seqno 761, RBA 15086096

GGSCI (devu007) 6> INFO EXTRACT dpump

EXTRACT DPUMP Last Started 2010-02-18 11:23 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:02 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt000000
2010-02-18 11:15:10.000000 RBA 5403

Note– the data pump process is reading from the Local Trail file – /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt000000

ON TARGET SYSTEM

Start the Replicat process

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 4> START REPLICAT rep1

Sending START request to MANAGER …
REPLICAT REP1 starting

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 5> STATUS REPLICAT rep1
REPLICAT REP1: RUNNING

Coming Next! – DDL change synchronization …

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 7 – configuring DDL synchronization

In addition to providing replication support for all DML statements, we can also configure the GoldenGate environment to provide DDL support as well.

A number of prerequisite setup tasks need to be performed which we willl highlight here.

Run the following scripts from the directory where the GoldenGate software was installed.

The assumption here is that the database user GGS_OWNER has already been created and granted the required roles and privileges as discussed in our earlier tutorial.

Note - run the scripts as SYSDBA

SQL> @marker_setup

Marker setup script

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter GoldenGate schema name:GGS_OWNER


Marker setup table script complete, running verification script...
Please enter the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects:
Setting schema name to GGS_OWNER

MARKER TABLE
-------------------------------
OK

MARKER SEQUENCE
-------------------------------
OK

Script complete.



SQL> alter session set recyclebin=OFF;
Session altered.


SQL> @ddl_setup

GoldenGate DDL Replication setup script

Verifying that current user has privileges to install DDL Replication...

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: On Oracle 10g and up, system recycle bin must be disabled.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter GoldenGate schema name:GGS_OWNER

You will be prompted for the mode of installation.
To install or reinstall DDL replication, enter INITIALSETUP
To upgrade DDL replication, enter NORMAL
Enter mode of installation:INITIALSETUP

Working, please wait ...
Spooling to file ddl_setup_spool.txt


Using GGS_OWNER as a GoldenGate schema name, INITIALSETUP as a mode of installation.

Working, please wait ...

RECYCLEBIN must be empty.
This installation will purge RECYCLEBIN for all users.
To proceed, enter yes. To stop installation, enter no.

Enter yes or no:yes


DDL replication setup script complete, running verification script...
Please enter the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects:
Setting schema name to GGS_OWNER

DDLORA_GETTABLESPACESIZE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

CLEAR_TRACE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

CREATE_TRACE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

TRACE_PUT_LINE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

INITIAL_SETUP STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

DDLVERSIONSPECIFIC PACKAGE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

DDLREPLICATION PACKAGE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

DDLREPLICATION PACKAGE BODY STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

DDL HISTORY TABLE
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL HISTORY TABLE(1)
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL DUMP TABLES
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL DUMP COLUMNS
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL DUMP LOG GROUPS
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL DUMP PARTITIONS
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL DUMP PRIMARY KEYS
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL SEQUENCE
-----------------------------------
OK

GGS_TEMP_COLS
-----------------------------------
OK

GGS_TEMP_UK
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL TRIGGER CODE STATUS:

Line/pos   Error
---------- -----------------------------------------------------------------
No errors  No errors

DDL TRIGGER INSTALL STATUS
-----------------------------------
OK

DDL TRIGGER RUNNING STATUS
-----------------------------------
ENABLED

STAYMETADATA IN TRIGGER
-----------------------------------
OFF

DDL TRIGGER SQL TRACING
-----------------------------------
0

DDL TRIGGER TRACE LEVEL
-----------------------------------
0

LOCATION OF DDL TRACE FILE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/gavin/gavin/trace/ggs_ddl_trace.log

Analyzing installation status...


STATUS OF DDL REPLICATION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUCCESSFUL installation of DDL Replication software components

Script complete.
SQL>




SQL> @role_setup

GGS Role setup script

This script will drop and recreate the role GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE
To use a different role name, quit this script and then edit the params.sql script to change
the gg_role parameter to the preferred name. (Do not run the script.)

You will be prompted for the name of a schema for the GoldenGate database objects.
NOTE: The schema must be created prior to running this script.
NOTE: Stop all DDL replication before starting this installation.

Enter GoldenGate schema name:GGS_OWNER
Wrote file role_setup_set.txt

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


Role setup script complete

Grant this role to each user assigned to the Extract, GGSCI, and Manager processes, by using the following SQL command:

GRANT GGS_GGSUSER_ROLE TO

where  is the user assigned to the GoldenGate processes.


SQL> grant ggs_ggsuser_role to ggs_owner;

Grant succeeded.


SQL> @ddl_enable

Trigger altered.



SQL> @ddl_pin GGS_OWNER

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.


PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Turn Recyclebin OFF

We need to set the parameter recyclebin to OFF via the ALTER SYSTEM SET RECYCLEBIN=OFF command in order to prevent this error which we will see if we try and configure DDL support and then start the Extract process.

2010-02-19 11:13:30 GGS ERROR 2003 RECYCLEBIN must be turned off. For 10gr2 and up, set RECYCLEBIN in parameter file to OFF. For 10gr1, set _RECYCLEBI
N in parameter file to FALSE. Then restart database and extract.
2010-02-19 11:13:30 GGS ERROR 190 PROCESS ABENDING.

Enable additional logging at the table level

Note- We had earlier enabled additional supplemental logging at the database level. Using the ADD TRANDATA command we now enable it at even the table level as this is required by GoldenGate for DDL support.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 5> DBLOGIN USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
Successfully logged into database.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 6> ADD TRANDATA scott.emp

Logging of supplemental redo data enabled for table SCOTT.EMP.

Edit the parameter file for the Extract process to enable DDL synchronization

We had earlier created a parameter file for an Extract process ext1. We now edit that parameter file and add the entry
DDL INCLUDE MAPPED

This means that DDL support is now enabled for all tables which have been mapped and in this case it will only apply to the SCOTT.EMP table as that is the only table which is being processed here. We can also use the INCLUDE ALL or EXCLUDE ALL or wildcard characters to specify which tables to enable the DDL support for.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 1> EDIT PARAM EXT1

EXTRACT ext1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST 10.53.100.100, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/rt
DDL INCLUDE MAPPED
TABLE scott.emp;

Test the same

We will now alter the structure of the EMP table by adding a column and we can see that this new table structure is also reflected on the target system.

On Source

SQL> ALTER TABLE EMP ADD NEW_COL VARCHAR2(10);
Table altered.

On Target

SQL> desc emp
Name Null? Type
—————————————– ——– —————————-
EMPNO NOT NULL NUMBER(4)
ENAME VARCHAR2(10)
JOB VARCHAR2(20)
MGR NUMBER(4)
HIREDATE DATE
SAL NUMBER(7,2)
COMM NUMBER(7,2)
DEPTNO NUMBER(2)
MYCOL VARCHAR2(10)
NEW_COL VARCHAR2(10)

Coming Next! – Filtering Data and Data manipulation and transformation

Oracle Goldengate Tutorial 8 – Filtering and Mapping data

Oracle GoldenGate not only provides us a replication solution that is Oracle version independent as well as platform independent, but we can also use it to do data transformation and data manipulation between the source and the target.

So we can use GoldenGate when the source and database database differ in table structure as well as an ETL tool in a Datawarehouse type environment.

We will discuss below two examples to demonstrate this feature – column mapping and filtering of data.

In example 1, we will filter the records that are extracted on the source and applied on the target – only rows where the JOB column value equals ‘MANAGER” in the MYEMP table will be considered for extraction.

In example 2, we will deal with a case where the table structure is different between the source database and the target database and see how column mapping is performed in such cases.

Example 1

Initial load of all rows which match the filter from source to target. The target database MYEMP table will only be populated with rows from the EMP table where filter criteria of JOB=’MANAGER’ is met.

On Source

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 4> add extract myload1, sourceistable
EXTRACT added.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 5> edit params myload1

EXTRACT myload1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST devu007, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTASK replicat, GROUP myload1
TABLE scott.myemp, FILTER (@STRFIND (job, “MANAGER”) > 0);

On Target

GGSCI (devu007) 2> add replicat myload1, specialrun
REPLICAT added.

GGSCI (devu007) 3> edit params myload1

“/u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/myload1.prm” [New file]
REPLICAT myload1
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
MAP scott.myemp, TARGET sh.myemp;

On Source – start the initial load extract

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 6> start extract myload1

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT MYLOAD1 starting

On SOURCE

SQL> select count(*) from myemp;

COUNT(*)
———-
14

SQL> select count(*) from myemp where job=’MANAGER’;

COUNT(*)
———-
9

On TARGET

SQL> select count(*) from myemp where job=’MANAGER’;

COUNT(*)
———-
9

Create an online change extract and replicat group using a Filter

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 10> add extract myload2, tranlog, begin now
EXTRACT added.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 11> add rmttrail /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb, extract myload2
RMTTRAIL added.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 11> edit params myload2

EXTRACT myload2
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
RMTHOST 10.53.200.225, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb
TABLE scott.myemp, FILTER (@STRFIND (job, “MANAGER”) > 0);

On Target

GGSCI (devu007) 2> add replicat myload2, exttrail /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb
REPLICAT added.

GGSCI (devu007) 3> edit params myload2

“/u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/myload2.prm” [New file]
REPLICAT myload2
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
MAP scott.myemp, TARGET sh.myemp;

On Source – start the online extract group

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 13> start extract myload2

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT MYLOAD2 starting

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 14> info extract myload2

EXTRACT MYLOAD2 Last Started 2010-02-23 11:04 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:27:39 (updated 00:00:08 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2010-02-23 10:36:51 Seqno 214, RBA 103988

On Target

GGSCI (devu007) 4> start replicat myload2

Sending START request to MANAGER …
REPLICAT MYLOAD2 starting

GGSCI (devu007) 5> info replicat myload2

REPLICAT MYLOAD2 Last Started 2010-02-23 11:05 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:08 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb000000
First Record RBA 989

On Source we now insert two rows into the MYEMP table – one which has the JOB value of ‘MANAGER’ and the other row which has the job value of ‘SALESMAN’

On SOURCE

SQL> INSERT INTO MYEMP
2 (empno,ename,job,sal)
3 VALUES
4 (1234,’GAVIN’,’MANAGER‘,10000);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> INSERT INTO MYEMP
2 (empno,ename,job,sal)
3 VALUES
4 (1235,’BOB’,’SALESMAN‘,1000);

1 row created.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

SQL> select count(*) from myemp;
COUNT(*)
———-
16

SQL> select count(*) from myemp where job=’MANAGER’;

COUNT(*)
———-
10

On Target, we will see that even though two rows have been inserted into the source MYEMP table, on the target MYEMP table only one row is inserted because the filter has been applied which only includes the rows where the JOB value equals ‘MANAGER’.

SQL> select count(*) from myemp;

COUNT(*)
———-
10

Example 2 – source and target table differ in column structure

In the source MYEMP table we have a column named SAL whereas on the target, the same MYEMP table has the column defined as SALARY.

Create a definitions file on the source using DEFGEN utility and then copy that definitions file to the target system

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) > EDIT PARAMS defgen

DEFSFILE /u01/oracle/ggs/dirsql/myemp.sql
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
TABLE scott.myemp;

[oracle@redhat346 ggs]$ ./defgen paramfile /u01/oracle/ggs/dirprm/defgen.prm

***********************************************************************
Oracle GoldenGate Table Definition Generator for Oracle
Version 10.4.0.19 Build 002
Linux, x64, 64bit (optimized), Oracle 11 on Sep 18 2009 00:09:13

Copyright (C) 1995, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Starting at 2010-02-23 11:22:17
***********************************************************************

Operating System Version:
Linux
Version #1 SMP Wed Dec 17 11:41:38 EST 2008, Release 2.6.18-128.el5
Node: redhat346.localdomain
Machine: x86_64
soft limit hard limit
Address Space Size : unlimited unlimited
Heap Size : unlimited unlimited
File Size : unlimited unlimited
CPU Time : unlimited unlimited

Process id: 14175

***********************************************************************
** Running with the following parameters **
***********************************************************************
DEFSFILE /u01/oracle/ggs/dirsql/myemp.sql
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD *********
TABLE scott.myemp;
Retrieving definition for SCOTT.MYEMP

Definitions generated for 1 tables in /u01/oracle/ggs/dirsql/myemp.sql

If we were to try and run the replicat process on the target without copying the definitions file, we will see an error as shown below which pertains to the fact that the columns in the source and target database are different and GoldenGate is not able to resolve that.

2010-02-23 11:31:07 GGS WARNING 218 Aborted grouped transaction on ‘SH.MYEMP’, Database error 904 (ORA-00904: “SAL”: invalid identifier).

2010-02-23 11:31:07 GGS WARNING 218 SQL error 904 mapping SCOTT.MYEMP to SH.MYEMP OCI Error ORA-00904: “SAL”: invalid identifier (status = 904), SQL .

We then ftp the definitions file from the source to the target system – in this case to the dirsql directory located in the top level GoldenGate installed software directory

We now go and make a change to the original replicat parameter file and change the parameter ASSUMEDEFS to SOURCEDEFS which provides GoldenGate with the location of the definitions file.

The other parameter which is included is the COLMAP parameter which tells us how the column mapping has been performed. The ‘USEDEFAULTS’ keyword denotes that all the other columns in both tables are identical except for the columns SAL and SALARY which differ in both tables and now we are mapping the SAL columsn in source to the SALARY column on the target.

REPLICAT myload2
SOURCEDEFS /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirsql/myemp.sql
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
MAP scott.myemp, TARGET sh.myemp,
COLMAP (usedefaults,
salary = sal);

We now go and start the originall replicat process myload2 which had abended because of the column mismatch (which has now been corrected via the parameter change) and we see that the process now is running without any error.

now go and start the process which had failed after table modification

GGSCI (devu007) 2> info replicat myload2

REPLICAT MYLOAD2 Last Started 2010-02-23 11:05 Status ABENDED
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:03 (updated 00:11:44 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb000000
2010-02-23 11:31:03.999504 RBA 1225

GGSCI (devu007) 3> start replicat myload2

Sending START request to MANAGER …
REPLICAT MYLOAD2 starting

GGSCI (devu007) 4> info replicat myload2

REPLICAT MYLOAD2 Last Started 2010-02-23 11:43 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:03 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/bb000000
2010-02-23 11:31:03.999504 RBA 1461

Coming Next! – Monitoring the GoldenGate environment …..

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 9 – Monitoring GoldenGate

The following tutorial will briefly discuss the different commands we can use to monitor the GoldenGate environment and get statistics and reports on various extract and replicat operations which are in progress.

More details can be obtained from Chapter 19 of the Oracle GoldenGate Windows and Unix Administration guide – Monitoring GoldenGate processing.

Information on all GoldenGate processes running on a system


GGSCI (devu007) 21> info all

Program     Status      Group       Lag           Time Since Chkpt

MANAGER     RUNNING
EXTRACT     RUNNING     DPUMP       00:00:00      00:00:04
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXT1        00:00:00      00:00:09
EXTRACT     RUNNING     EXT2        00:00:00      00:00:07
EXTRACT     ABENDED     GAVIN       00:00:00      73:29:25
EXTRACT     STOPPED     WORKPLAN    00:00:00      191:44:18
REPLICAT    RUNNING     MYLOAD2     00:00:00      00:00:09
REPLICAT    RUNNING     MYREP       00:00:00      00:00:08


Find the run status of a particular process

GGSCI (devu007) 23> status manager

Manager is running (IP port devu007.7809).

GGSCI (devu007) 24> status extract ext1
EXTRACT EXT1: RUNNING


Detailed information of a particular process


GGSCI (devu007) 6> info extract ext1, detail

EXTRACT    EXT1      Last Started 2010-02-19 11:19   Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag       00:00:00 (updated 00:00:02 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint  Oracle Redo Logs
                     2010-02-26 10:45:18  Seqno 786, RBA 44710400

  Target Extract Trails:

  Remote Trail Name                                Seqno        RBA     Max MB

  /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt            2      55644         10

  Extract Source                          Begin             End

  /u02/oradata/apex/redo03.log            2010-02-19 11:13  2010-02-26 10:45
  /u02/oradata/apex/redo02.log            2010-02-19 11:04  2010-02-19 11:13
  /u02/oradata/apex/redo02.log            2010-02-18 10:42  2010-02-19 11:04
  Not Available                           * Initialized *   2010-02-18 10:42


Current directory    /u01/oracle/software/goldengate

Report file          /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirrpt/EXT1.rpt
Parameter file       /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirprm/ext1.prm
Checkpoint file      /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirchk/EXT1.cpe
Process file         /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirpcs/EXT1.pce
Stdout file          /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirout/EXT1.out
Error log            /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/ggserr.log

Monitoring an Extract recovery 


GGSCI (devu007) 35> send extract ext1 status

Sending STATUS request to EXTRACT EXT1 ...


  EXTRACT EXT1 (PID 1925238)
  Current status: Recovery complete: At EOF
  Sequence #: 786
  RBA: 40549888
  Timestamp: 2010-02-26 09:59:57.000000

  Output trail #1
  Current write position:
  Sequence #: 2
  RBA: 55644
  Timestamp: 2010-02-26 09:59:54.337574
  Extract Trail: /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt


Monitoring processing volume - Statistics of the operations processed 

GGSCI (devu007) 33> stats extract ext1

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EXT1 ...

Start of Statistics at 2010-02-26 09:58:27.

DDL replication statistics (for all trails):

*** Total statistics since extract started     ***
        Operations                                  19.00
        Mapped operations                            2.00
        Unmapped operations                          9.00
        Other operations                             8.00
        Excluded operations                         17.00

Output to /u01/oracle/software/goldengate/dirdat/lt:

Extracting from GGS_OWNER.GGS_MARKER to GGS_OWNER.GGS_MARKER:

*** Total statistics since 2010-02-19 11:21:03 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

*** Daily statistics since 2010-02-26 00:00:00 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

*** Hourly statistics since 2010-02-26 09:00:00 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

*** Latest statistics since 2010-02-19 11:21:03 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

Extracting from MONITOR.WORK_PLAN to MONITOR.WORK_PLAN:

*** Total statistics since 2010-02-19 11:21:03 ***
        Total inserts                                4.00
        Total updates                               46.00
        Total deletes                                0.00
        Total discards                               0.00
        Total operations                            50.00

*** Daily statistics since 2010-02-26 00:00:00 ***
        Total inserts                                0.00
        Total updates                               16.00
        Total deletes                                0.00
        Total discards                               0.00
        Total operations                            16.00

*** Hourly statistics since 2010-02-26 09:00:00 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

*** Latest statistics since 2010-02-19 11:21:03 ***
        Total inserts                                4.00
        Total updates                               46.00
        Total deletes                                0.00
        Total discards                               0.00
        Total operations                            50.00

End of Statistics.


View processing rate - can use 'hr','min' or 'sec' as a parameter


GGSCI (devu007) 37> stats extract ext2 reportrate hr

Sending STATS request to EXTRACT EXT2 ...

Start of Statistics at 2010-02-26 10:04:46.

Output to /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/cc:

Extracting from SH.CUSTOMERS to SH.CUSTOMERS:

*** Total statistics since 2010-02-26 09:29:48 ***
        Total inserts/hour:                          0.00
        Total updates/hour:                      95258.62
        Total deletes/hour:                          0.00
        Total discards/hour:                         0.00
        Total operations/hour:                   95258.62

*** Daily statistics since 2010-02-26 09:29:48 ***
        Total inserts/hour:                          0.00
        Total updates/hour:                      95258.62
        Total deletes/hour:                          0.00
        Total discards/hour:                         0.00
        Total operations/hour:                   95258.62

*** Hourly statistics since 2010-02-26 10:00:00 ***

        No database operations have been performed.

*** Latest statistics since 2010-02-26 09:29:48 ***
        Total inserts/hour:                          0.00
        Total updates/hour:                      95258.62
        Total deletes/hour:                          0.00
        Total discards/hour:                         0.00
        Total operations/hour:                   95258.62

End of Statistics.


View latency between the records processed by Goldengate and the timestamp in the data source


GGSCI (devu007) 13>  send extract ext2, getlag

Sending GETLAG request to EXTRACT EXT2 ...
Last record lag: 3 seconds.
At EOF, no more records to process.


GGSCI (devu007) 15> lag extract ext*

Sending GETLAG request to EXTRACT EXT1 ...
Last record lag: 1 seconds.
At EOF, no more records to process.

Sending GETLAG request to EXTRACT EXT2 ...
Last record lag: 1 seconds.
At EOF, no more records to process.

Viewing the GoldenGate error log as well as history of commands executed and other events

We can use the editor depending on operating system – vi on Unix for example to view the ggserr.log file which is located at the top level GoldenGate software installation directory.

We can also use the GGSCI command VIEW GGSEVT as well.

View the process report

Every Manager, Extract and Replicat process will generate a report file at the end of each run and this
report can be viewed to diagnose any problems or errors as well as view the parameters used, the environment variables is use, memory consumption etc

For example:

GGSCI (devu007) 2> view report ext1

GGSCI (devu007) 2> view report rep1

GGSCI (devu007) 2> view report mgr

Information on Child processes started by the Manager


GGSCI (devu007) 8> send manager childstatus

Sending CHILDSTATUS request to MANAGER ...

Child Process Status - 6 Entries

ID     Group     Process    Retry Retry Time            Start Time
----  --------  ----------  ----- ------------------    -----------
   0     EXT1     1925238      0  None                 2010/02/19 11:07:54
   1    DPUMP     2195496      0  None                 2010/02/19 11:08:02
   2   MSSQL1      422034      0  None                 2010/02/22 13:54:59
   4    MYREP     1302702      0  None                 2010/02/23 09:08:34
   6  MYLOAD2     1200242      0  None                 2010/02/23 11:05:01
   7     EXT2     2076844      0  None                 2010/02/26 08:29:22

Coming Next! – using GoldenGate to perform a 10g to 11g Cross Platform database upgrade and platform migration ….

Oracle GoldenGate Tutorial 10- performing a zero downtime cross platform migration and 11g database upgrade

This note briefly describes the steps required to perform a cross platform database migration (AIX to Red Hat Linux) and also a database upgrade from 10g to 11g Release 2 which is attained with zero downtime using a combination of RMAN, Cross Platform TTS and GoldenGate to achieve the same.

This is the environment that we will be referring to in this note:

10..2.0.4 Database on AIX – DB10g
10.2.0.4 Duplicate database on AIX – Clonedb
11.2 database on Linux – DB11g

Steps

1) Create the GoldenGate Extract process on source AIX DB10g and start the same. This extract process will be capturing changes as they occur on the 10g AIX database in the remote trail files located on the Linux target system. Since the Replicat process is not running on the target at this time, the source database changes will accumulate in the extract trail files.

GGSCI (devu026) 12> add extract myext, tranlog, begin now
EXTRACT added.

GGSCI (devu026) 13> add rmttrail /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/my, extract myext
RMTTRAIL added.

GGSCI (devu026) 14> edit params myext

“/u01/rapmd2/ggs/dirprm/myext.prm” 7 lines, 143 characters
EXTRACT myext
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = “/u01/oracle/product/10.2/rapmd2”)
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = “db10g”)
RMTHOST 10.1.210.35, MGRPORT 7809
RMTTRAIL /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/my
DISCARDFILE discard.txt, APPEND
TABLE sh.*;
TABLE hr.*;
TABLE pm.*;
TABLE oe.*;
TABLE ix.*;

START THE EXTRACT PROCESS NOW

GGSCI (devu026) 16> START EXTRACT MYEXT

Sending START request to MANAGER …
EXTRACT MYEXT starting

GGSCI (devu026) 17> INFO EXTRACT MYEXT

EXTRACT MYEXT Last Started 2010-03-04 08:42 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:31:07 (updated 00:00:01 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint Oracle Redo Logs
2010-03-04 08:11:26 Seqno 8, RBA 2763280

2) Using RMAN create a duplicate database in the source AIX environment (Clonedb) – this database will be used as the source for the export of database structure (no rows export) and tablespace meta data

Follow this white paper to get all the steps involved.

***********ON SOURCE – UPDATE 1**********

SQL> conn sh/sh
Connected.
SQL> update mycustomers set cust_city=’Singapore’;

55500 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

3) Create a skeleton database on the Linux platform in the 11g Release 2 environment – DB11g

Note – we will then set up the GoldenGate user GGS_OWNER in the database and grant it the required privileges as well as create the checkpoint table. Read one of the earlier tutorials which details the set up of the GGS_OWNER user in the database.

4) Take a full export of the database without any table data to get just the structure of the database – this is now taken from the clonedb duplicate database created in step 2

db10g:/u01/oracle> expdp dumpfile=full_norows.dmp directory =dumpdir content=metadata_only exclude=tables,index full=y

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production on Thursday, 04 March, 2010 9:02:44

Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Username: sys as sysdba
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity.
Starting “SYS”.”SYS_EXPORT_FULL_01″: sys/******** AS SYSDBA dumpfile=full_norows.dmp directory =dumpdir content=metadata_only exclude=tables,index full=y
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/TABLESPACE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/PROFILE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SYS_USER/USER
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/USER
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/ROLE
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/GRANT/SYSTEM_GRANT/PROC_SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/GRANT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type DATABASE_EXPORT/SCHEMA/ROLE_GRANT
…………………
…………………….

5) Import the dumpfile into the 11g database DB11g which has the database structure without the table data – this will create all the users, roles, synonyms etc

We had to create a role and also create the directory before doing the full database import. Ignore he errors during the import as it will pertain to objects which already exist in the scratch database.

SQL> create role xdbwebservices;

Role created.

SQL> create directory dumpdir as ‘/u01/oracle’;

Directory created.

[oracle@redhat346 ~]$ impdp dumpfile=full_norows.dmp directory=dumpdir full=y

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production on Mon Mar 8 13:09:16 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

…………
……….

6) On the clonedb database, we now will export the tablespace meta data – make the required tablespaces read only. Note that the original source 10g database is in read write mode and is being accessed by the users with no downtime as yet.

clonedb:/u01/rapmd2/ggs> expdp dumpfile=tts_meta.dmp directory =dumpdir transport_tablespaces=EXAMPLE,TTS

Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production on Monday, 08 March, 2010 13:01:38

Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Username: sys as sysdba
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
Starting “SYS”.”SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01″: sys/******** AS SYSDBA dumpfile=tts_meta.dmp directory =dumpdir transport_tablespaces=EXAMPLE,TTS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/COMMENT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TRIGGER
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/STATISTICS/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/DOMAIN_INDEX/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/DOMAIN_INDEX/SECONDARY_TABLE/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/DOMAIN_INDEX/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/MATERIALIZED_VIEW
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PROCACT_INSTANCE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PROCDEPOBJ
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK
Master table “SYS”.”SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01″ successfully loaded/unloaded
******************************************************************************
Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 is:
/u01/oracle/tts_meta.dmp
Job “SYS”.”SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01″ successfully completed at 13:02:17

7) Copy the datafiles from the read only tablespaces ( from clonedb) to the target Linux system and using RMAN convert the datafiles from the AIX platform to the Linux platform

RMAN> CONVERT DATAFILE ‘/u01/oracle/example01.dbf’
2> FROM PLATFORM=’AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)’
3> FORMAT ‘/u02/oradata/db11g/example01.dbf’;

Starting conversion at target at 08-MAR-10
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=11 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=/u01/oracle/example01.dbf
converted datafile=/u02/oradata/db11g/example01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
Finished conversion at target at 08-MAR-10

RMAN> CONVERT DATAFILE ‘/u01/oracle/tts01.dbf’
2> FROM PLATFORM=’AIX-Based Systems (64-bit)’
3> FORMAT ‘/u02/oradata/db11g/tts01.dbf’;

Starting conversion at target at 08-MAR-10
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion
input file name=/u01/oracle/tts01.dbf
converted datafile=/u02/oradata/db11g/tts01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished conversion at target at 08-MAR-10

8) Import the tablespace meta data into the 11g database and plug in the tablespaces -make the tablespaces read write

[oracle@redhat346 ~]$ impdp dumpfile=tts_meta.dmp directory=dumpdir transport_datafiles=”/u02/oradata/db11g/example01.dbf”,”/u02/oradata/db11g/tts01.dbf”

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production on Mon Mar 8 13:21:37 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Username: sys as sysdba
Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 – 64bit Production
With the Partitioning and Real Application Testing options
Master table “SYS”.”SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01″ successfully loaded/unloaded
Starting “SYS”.”SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01″: sys/******** AS SYSDBA dumpfile=tts_meta.dmp directory=dumpdir transport_datafiles=/u02/oradata/db11g/example01.dbf,/u02/oradata/db11g/tts01.dbf
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”PM”.”ADHEADER_TYP” already exists
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”PM”.”TEXTDOC_TYP” already exists
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”IX”.”ORDER_EVENT_TYP” already exists
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”OE”.”PHONE_LIST_TYP” already exists
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”OE”.”CUST_ADDRESS_TYP” already exists
ORA-31684: Object type TYPE:”PM”.”TEXTDOC_TAB” already exists
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/COMMENT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TRIGGER
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX/STATISTICS/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/DOMAIN_INDEX/TABLE
Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/DOMAIN_INDEX/SECONDARY_TABLE/INDEX
…………………..
……………………………..

SQL> alter tablespace tts read write;

Tablespace altered.

SQL> alter tablespace example read write;

Tablespace altered.

***********ON SOURCE – UPDATE 2**********

SQL> conn sh/sh
Connected.
SQL> update mycustomers set cust_city=’Hong Kong’;

55500 rows updated.

SQL> commit;

Commit complete.

Note:

As we make changes in the source database, the trail files on the target start getting populated. These are located in the destination we specified when creating the RMTTRAIL.

[oracle@redhat346 dirdat]$ pwd
/u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat

[oracle@redhat346 dirdat]$ ls -lrt

-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999950 Mar 8 09:41 gs000000
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999641 Mar 8 09:41 gs000001
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999629 Mar 8 10:00 gs000003
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999724 Mar 8 10:00 gs000002
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999741 Mar 8 10:00 gs000004
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 2113226 Mar 8 10:00 gs000005
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999791 Mar 8 10:35 rm000000
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999721 Mar 8 10:35 rm000001
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999249 Mar 8 10:49 rm000003
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999309 Mar 8 10:49 rm000002
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999818 Mar 8 10:49 rm000004
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999430 Mar 8 10:49 rm000005
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999412 Mar 8 10:49 rm000006
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999588 Mar 8 10:54 rm000007
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999481 Mar 8 10:54 rm000009
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999399 Mar 8 10:54 rm000008
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999787 Mar 8 10:54 rm000010
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999770 Mar 8 10:57 rm000011
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999941 Mar 8 10:57 rm000012
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999913 Mar 8 10:57 rm000013
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999429 Mar 8 11:09 rm000014
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999812 Mar 8 11:09 rm000015
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999240 Mar 8 11:09 rm000016
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999454 Mar 8 11:09 rm000017
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999914 Mar 8 11:09 rm000018
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999820 Mar 8 11:16 rm000019
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999766 Mar 8 11:16 rm000020
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999706 Mar 8 12:56 rm000021
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999577 Mar 8 12:56 rm000022
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999841 Mar 8 12:56 rm000023
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999890 Mar 8 13:26 rm000024
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999604 Mar 8 13:26 rm000025
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 9999536 Mar 8 13:26 rm000026
-rw-rw-rw- 1 oracle oinstall 918990 Mar 8 13:26 rm000027

9) On the target Linux environment now we create and start the GoldenGate Replicat process/processes. They will now start reading from the Extract trail files created in Step 1 and will start applying them to the 11g database.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 1> add replicat myrep, extrail /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rm
REPLICAT added.

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 6> edit params myrep

REPLICAT myrep
SETENV (ORACLE_HOME = “/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1”)
SETENV (ORACLE_SID = “db11g”)
ASSUMETARGETDEFS
USERID ggs_owner, PASSWORD ggs_owner
MAP sh.*, TARGET sh.*;
MAP pm.*, TARGET pm.*;
MAP oe.*, TARGET oe.*;
MAP hr.*, TARGET hr.*;
MAP ix.*, TARGET ix.*;

10) Once all the changes in the trail files have been applied by the Replicat process and we confirm that both source and target are in sync (we can use another GoldenGate product called Veridata for this), we can now point the users and application to the 11g Linux database with no or minimal downtime which will depend on the infrastructure.

We can see the Replicat process going through and reading all the trail files until it has completed processing all the files

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 131> info replicat myrep

REPLICAT MYREP Last Started 2010-03-08 13:42 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 03:07:37 (updated 00:00:17 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rm000002
2010-03-08 10:35:27.001328 RBA 6056361
…….
………..

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 156> info replicat myrep

REPLICAT MYREP Last Started 2010-03-08 13:42 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 02:53:49 (updated 00:00:00 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rm000007
2010-03-08 10:49:39.001103 RBA 2897635

………………
……………..

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 133> info replicat myrep

REPLICAT MYREP Last Started 2010-03-08 13:48 Status RUNNING
Checkpoint Lag 00:00:00 (updated 00:00:07 ago)
Log Read Checkpoint File /u01/oracle/ggs/dirdat/rm000027
2010-03-08 13:26:43.000861 RBA 918990

GGSCI (redhat346.localdomain) 134> lag replicat myrep

Sending GETLAG request to REPLICAT MYREP …
Last record lag: 1363 seconds.
At EOF, no more records to process.

TEST!

Now check and confirm from the database if second update statement (UPDATE 2) run on the source database has been applied on the target

SQL> select distinct cust_city from mycustomers;

CUST_CITY
——————————
Hong Kong

We can now point our clients to the upgraded 11g database!